1.+Renaissance+&+Reformation

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**Summary:**
The **Renaissance** first emerged in Italy in the fourteenth century and then spread gradually at different times and in different ways throughout western and central Europe. The rebirth of ancient Greek and Roman artistic styles, languages, and values was at the heart of Italian Renaissance humanism. The Renaissance rested on new political and social structures created in the disunited, city-states of Italy, which were dominated by wealthy merchants.

In the sixteenth century the unity of the western Christian world was permanently broken by the **Protestant Reformation**, which began in the German states with Martin Luther. Luther publicly challenged both the practices and theology of the Catholic Church and, with the help of German princes who sought greater authority and autonomy from Rome, founded his own church. Luther’s work stimulated other reformers, most notably John Calvin. In response to Protestant challenges, the Catholic Church launched its own reformation which removed some of the abuses but also went on the offensive and reaffirmed key doctrines and practices and created new religious orders, like the Jesuits, to combat Protestantism.

Vocabulary:
Unit 1 Vocabulary Words

**Questions to Guide your Reading on the Renaissance**
**McKay pp407-420** McKay pp420-428 Annotated Mona Lisa 32-45

** Questions to Guide your Reading on the Reformation **
McKay pp445-457 McKay pp457-472

Additional Resources
Social History Chart RACE CLASS GENDER [|Link to Web Gallery of Art] Map Links [] (Tour of the Sistine Chapel)