Ch25+826+to+835

= **Chapter 25 pp. 826-836** =

**826-831: Russia/Ottoman Empire**
1.What motivated the Russians and the Ottoman Turks to embrace some modernization in the mid 19th century? 827  2. What was the basic social institution in Russia around 1850? 827  3. What were the causes and results of the Crimean War that lasted from 1853 to 1856? 827  4. Tsar (czar) Alexander II made several important reforms to try to modernize Russia. List four of them. 827  5. Russia’s modernization tended to be more industrial than political and it came in two great industrial surges. Describe when they happened and what was developed. 827-828  6. Why did the Japanese suddenly attack Russia’s military forces in Manchuria and eastern Russia in 1904? 829  7. What were the causes of the 1905 Russian Revolution? 829  8. Explain why Bloody Sunday was the event that touched off the revolution. 829  9. How did Tsar Nicholas II manage to save his monarchy? 829  10. What were the Stolypin reforms? 829  11. When did the Ottoman Empire reach the high point of its development? 829  12. Which European country took the most land from the Ottoman Empire in the 18th and 19th centuries? 829  13. Who were the janissaries and what happened to them? 829-830  14. Why did European countries protect the weak Ottoman state from attack by the reform-minded Ottoman governor of Egypt, Muhammad Ali? 830  15. What was the Tanzimat? 830-831  16. Why did the late 19th century reforms in the Ottoman Empire fail? 830 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> 17. Who were the Young Turks? 831

**831-833 Responsive National State: Germany**
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">18. What are some reasons why ordinary citizens generally felt increasing loyalty to their governments after in the late nineteenth century? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> 19. What was the status of the women’s suffrage movement at this time? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> 20. What was the “less positive” side of of this growing support for strong nation-states? (831-832) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> 21. What was the name of the popularly elected (meaning elected by the people) lower house of the German legislature? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> 22. What was Bismarck’s Kulturkampf? Why did he undertake it? What was the outcome? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> 23. How did Germany (and other European nations) use tariffs (protectionism) during this period? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> 24. How did Bismarck try to control socialism initially? Why did he change to another approach? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> 25. What was the new approach he used to win the support of the working class? Did it effectively stop workers from voting socialist? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> 26. How did German socialists (The Social Democratic Party) shift in the years leading up to World War One?

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">France **
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">27. True or false: To end the Franco-Prussian War in 1871, the Germans bombarded the city of Paris and finally captured it after weeks of hand to hand fighting in the streets. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">28. After the war was over, radical Parisians who favored a republic and opposed the treaty with the Germans set up the Paris Commune. What was the purpose of the Commune? 834 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">29. What is the name of the official French government that was in power from 1871 to 1940? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">30. What happened to the Paris Commune? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">31. What factors contributed to the “considerable stability” and national unity that the French government achieved between 1871 and 1914? 834 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">32. How did the Dreyfus affair split France and threaten that unity? 834-835 What happened as a result of that affair?

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">England and Ireland **
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">33. List the dates and results of the each of the three major reform bills that broadened the right to vote in England. 835 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">34. Why did the conservative House of Lords finally give in on the issue of the People’s Budget (which dramatically increased taxes and spending on social welfare)? 835 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">35. What were some of the policies passed by the Liberal Party between 1906 and 1914? Who was the prime minister during that time? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">36. The great English prime minister William Gladstone failed in his efforts to get home rule for Ireland in the late 19th century. Why did the measure succeed in the early 20th century? 835 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">37. What group in Ireland fiercely refused to accept Irish independence in 1913? Why?