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French Revolution Guided Reading: 694-702
The Second Revolution, 1792 and Reign of Terror

37. What were the main ideas of Edmund Burke’s Reflections on the Revolution in France? 38. What were Mary Wollstonecraft’s key ideas about women? 39. Why were Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette arrested in June 1791? 40. How was the newly elected Legislative Assembly that first met in October 1791 similar to and different from the previous National Assembly? What kinds of things did they say about monarchy? 41. With what two nations was revolutionary France at war by 1792? 42. In August 1792 the Legislative Assembly was dissolved and what new government body was created? 43. What were the September Massacres and why did they happen? 44. What was the new calendar like? What was the point of it? Was it successful? 45. Who were the Jacobins, Girondists, and the Mountain? Who were their leaders? 46. How did these groups disagree about the fate of Louis XVI? What was his fate? 47. How was the war abroad going at this point? 48. Why were peasants in western France starting to resist the revolution? 49. Who were the sans-culottes, and what were their interests and demands? How did the Girondists and the Mountain react to them? 50. What was the Committee of Public Safety?

51. What event caused the sudden radicalization of the French revolution in 1792, leading to the September massacre of imprisoned priests and aristocrats? (696)

52. The newly elected National Convention then changed the structure of the French government from a monarchy to

53.The new French government tried to create a new popular culture to show its break with the Ancien Regime of the past. List three changes that were introduced at that time.

54. The Jacobins who controlled the National Convention split into two factions and a group of undecideds. Name each faction and what it stood for.

55. What decision did the National Convention make about the old king and queen? (696)

56. Faced with an invasion by the First Coalition and peasant revolts, the factions of the National Convention became deadlocked in the spring of 1793. How did the sans culottes cause a dramatic shift in the policies of the National Convention? (697)

57. Who led the Committee of Public Safety during this dangerous time?

58. What were the three big strategies that the French government used to get France out of the terrible problems that it faced in 1793? (697-698)

59. In what way was the Reign of Terror a political weapon?

60. What are the key ingredients of nationalism?

61. Since the French armies were badly defeated in 1792-93, why did they suddenly become completely victorious in 1794? (700)

62. What policy did the National Convention adopt toward slavery in 1794? (702)