Ch.28+pp913-928

Ch.28 Age of Anxiety: ca.1900-1940

913-928: Uncertainty in Modern Thought 1. Before 1914 most western Europeans still believed in the three basic concepts that had evolved with the liberal tradition since the Enlightenment. What were those three ideas? 913-914

2. The horrors of WWI convinced many people that the old beliefs were bankrupt. This revolt sparked a new era of modern thinking. List two new trends in philosophy that challenged old ideas about God, morality, progress and certainty.

3. What was Nietzsche’s view of God? What did Jean-Paul Sartre mean by the term “engaged”? 916

4. How did the “new physics” challenge the scientific basis of traditional 19th century science? 917-918

5. Freud undermined the old belief that people act rationally. How did he do this? 919 According to his theory, what were the three parts of one’s personality?

6. In what way did Marcel Proust’s Remembrance of things Past reflect some of Freud’s ideas? 920

7. Who argued in his 1918 book, The Decline of the West, that Western civilization had peaked and started to decline? According to this author, who was going to take over the world? 920

8. Modernism in architecture was often embodied in what new principle? Name two architects who followed this idea. 921

9. What was Bauhaus and who was most responsible for making it succeed in the 1920’s? 921-922

10. Look closely at the Van Gogh painting on p.923. How does The Starry Night differ from Impressionism? Why do you think it is called Expressionism?

11. What were the characteristics of Pablo Picasso’s new art style that was called cubism? Why was it so revolutionary? 924

12. How did Dadaism differ from surrealism? 376