Industrial+Revolution+734-741

= Industrial Revolution Guided Reading: 732-741 =

1. How was the middle class changed/enlarged by industrialization? The working class? What new paradigm of social relationships emerged? 2. How are the “New Class of Factory Owners” (the early industrialists) characterized? 3. How did opportunities change over time (as industrialization matured)? 4. Almost everyone aggress that the conditions of European workers improved after _____. There is still debate about workers’ conditions before this period, so your textbook focuses on that. 5. Among the earliest critics of industrialization were the British romantic poets. Give some examples of these poets and what they attacked. 6. Who were the Luddites? 7. What were the main themes/messages of Friedrich Engels’ Condition of the Working Class in England? Who was Engels’ famous partner (after this period)? 8. What have scholarly statistical studies of the period shown and what explanations are mentioned? 9. Why did many cottage workers resist the early factories? 10. How did the conditions of factory workers begin to change by the 1790s? How did families operate in these conditions? How did these parents typically feel about child labor? 11. What did the Factory Act of 1833 establish and what was its effect? 12. What ethnic group took many low skill jobs in England from 1817 on. 13. What new sexual division of labor gradually emerged in industrial Europe? What conditions for women in these “separate spheres” are mentioned? 14. What three ideas are cited are economic and biological factors that help explain these changing gender roles? 15. What gender issues/problems were common in the mining industry? What did the Mines Act of 1842 establish? 16. True or False: By 1850 more people in Britain lived and worked in industrials towns and cities than in rural agriculture. 17. How did working-class solidarity and class consciousness develop? 18. What did the Combination Acts establish? What effects did they have? How did workers react? 19. Who was Robert Owen? 20. How did unions tend to form and operate after Owen’s failed attempts? 21. What was the Chartists’ key demand? What other causes/reforms did workers want?