Russian+Czars+Peter+the+Great

A.P. Modern European History Unit 3 Absolutism and Constitutionalism
=**Guided Reading on Russia: 572-580**=

1. From 1250 to 1480 A.D. the descendents of the “Golden Horde” ruled the eastern Slavs. This period became known as the (573)

2. In what way did the eastern Slavs benefit from this period of submission? (572-573)

3. When the princes of Moscow became independent of the khan, they legitimized their new authority by drawing upon what two sources of authority? (574)

4. What was the difference between boyars and service nobility? (574) [What parallel does that have for French society in the 17th century?]

5. List four accomplishments of Ivan IV: (574-5)

6. Who were the Cossacks and what problem did they cause for the government? (575-576)

7. Why did Russia’s middle classes fail to develop uner the rule of Ivan IV? (575)

8. What happened in the Time of Troubles? (575-576)

9. List three obstacles that Russia faced in trying to build a modern nation-state during the 17th century: (576)

10. What family eventually became the royal family of the Russian czars? (576)

11. After Peter the Great’s 18 month tour of western Europe, what reforms did he put into effect to modernize Russia: (577)

12. The expansionist ideas of Peter the Great were nearly derailed in 1700 when Peter lost a battle to the teenage leader of what country? (577)

13. Following that defeat (question #12), Peter put into effect several measures designed to increase the power of the state and its armies. What did he do? (576-577)

14. What were some of the western-oriented cultural changes that Peter forced the Russians to accept? (578)

15. What were the three goals that Peter the Great used to plan how St. Petersburg would be organized? (579)

16. What role did peasants play in the construction of St. Petersburg? (580)

Ottoman Questions (pp.580-581)
17. At the peak of the Ottoman Empire in 16th century, they had created the most powerful empire in the world. Who was their legendary leader from 1520 to 1566?

18. The Ottomans fulfilled a long-held Islamic dream in 1453 when they….

19. The leader of the Ottoman Empire was called the _. Officially, he personally owned all the agricultural land in the empire, so everyone paid taxes to him. (581)

20. The Battle of Mohacs in 1526 was a major victory of the Ottomans that gave them control of what region? (581)