Ch24p779to786and797to804

= Chapter 24 Urban Society in 19th Century = = = = Taming the City pp.779-786 and The Changing Family 797-804 =

1 How did industrialization intensify the conditions of cities? 780-781 2 What was life in the cities like? 781 3 What was responsible for the awful conditions? 781
 * Industry and Growth of Cities** 779-781

4 What were the key ideas of Jeremy Bentham and the “Benthamites”? 781-782 5 How did reformers like Edwin Chadwick apply these ideas to the problems of cities? 782-783 6 How did the public health movement spread and were the effects? 783 7 In what ways was Pasteur’s germ theory a major breakthrough? 783 8 How was germ theory applied to improve medical practices and what was the impact on death rates? 783
 * Public Health & Bacterial Revolution:** 781-783

9 Why did France take the lead in improving urban planning in the late nineteenth century? 784-786 10 How was Paris transformed? 786 11 How was public transportation transformed? 786 12 What were the effects of these changes? 786
 * Urban Planning and Public Transportation:** 784-786

13 What was the pattern of courtship and marriage for the working class by 1850? 797 14 How did economic considerations impact marriage for the middle class? 797 15 Which areas did experienced an illegitimacy explosion from 1750-1850? 798 16 What accounts for the decline in illegitimate births in the late 19th century? 798 17 In what ways did prostitution highlight class distinctions? 798-799
 * Premarital Sex and Marriage, Prostitution:** 797-799

18 Why were kinship ties important to working class families in the late nineteenth century? 799 19 What was the notion of separate spheres? 799 20 What social/cultural and legal obstacles did women face? 799 21 What changes did middle-class feminists seek? 799-800 22 What did socialist/working class women activists believe? 800 23 What were some of the more positive aspects of marriage and family life for women in the late nineteenth century? 800
 * Kinship Ties, Gender Roles and Family Life:** 799-802

24 How and why did mothers’ attitudes toward infants change as the nineteenth century progressed? 802 25 When did birth rates start to decline and why? 802=803 26 Why and in what ways were older children (especially adolescents) subjected to excessive pressure from parents? 803 27 What were Freud’s basic about middle class family dynamics? 804 28 Why could working class children gain independence more easily? 804
 * Child Rearing** 802-804