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Guided Reading: 995-999 Soviet Eastern Europe, 1945-1968 and 1008-1012
//The overall idea: After World War Two, Western Europe recovered quickly both economically and politically. Now you will read about Eastern Europe after World War Two and the tremendous influence of the Soviet Union.//

1. What did the vast majority of Russians in 1945 hope would happen? Did it? 2. What kinds of repression and control did Stalin use in the late 1940s and 1950s? How did this extend to the countries of Eastern Europe? (995-996) 3. Tito was the one Eastern European leader able to stand up to Stalin somewhat. 4. Where was he from and how/why could he pull this off? 5. After Stalin’s death there was split in the Communist party between Conservatives and Reformers. _, a reformer, became the top leader. 6. What was de-Stalinization? What were its effects? 996-997 7. Which two Easter European nations experienced riots/revolts in 1956? What was the outcome of each? 8. Khrushchev was ousted from power in 1964 and succeeded him. 9. Why did the Soviet Union then drift back toward Stalinist-style rule? 10. What foreign policy actions had Khrushchev taken in the 1960s in Berlin and Cuba that had created trouble with Western Powers? 11. What happened in 1968 in Czechoslovakia? Who was Dubcek and what did he believe? 12. How did the Eastern Bloc countries respond? What was the outcome? [Note: this is the “Prague Spring” from your timeline.] 13. What was the Brezhnev Doctrine? 14. In the Brezhnev Era there was a certain stability of party control. What were the sources of/reasons for firm party control? (998-99) 15. “Yet beneath the dreary immobility of political life in the Brezhnev era, the Soviet Union was actually experiencing profound changes.” 16. What three significant changes are mentioned?

Guided Reading: 1008-1012 Conflict and Challenge in the Late Cold War, 1968-1985
17. Some Western powers in the later Cold War period followed a policy known as detente. What was it? 18. How did West German Chancellor Willy Brandt show this policy in action? 19. Who signed the Helsinki Accords (from Helsinki Conference of 1975)? What agreements were included? 20. Why did hopes for detente fade in the late 1970s? 21. In 1980 _ was elected president in the U.S. He called the Soviet Union the “evil empire” and focused spending on what? 22. Which leaders were Reagan’s conservative allies in Europe? 23. What three reasons account for the birth of a broad-based feminist movement in 1970s? 24. What were the main themes/arguments of Simone de Beavoir’s The Second Sex? 25. “Although national peculiarities abounded, this movement generally shared the common strategy of entering the political arena and changing laws regarding women.” 26.What kinds of laws/changes did they push for? 27. In the 1970s there was a significant worldwide economic downturn. A big reason for this had to do with American gold reserves- that is complex and confusing and can be ignored at this point. The bigger deal/problem had to do with energy and oil. Explain that. p. 1010 28. Why in the 1970s did Western Europe NOT generally experience the mass suffering and degradation that had happened during the Depression of the 1930s? 29. What happened to government spending during this period? 30. Explain the conservative policies of Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan. 31.Who was Francois Mitterrand and how were his policies different? 32.What was the Green movement? 33. What happened to the age of marriage during this time and why?